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Topic
Description
TL
Math Teaching and Learning
FRP
Fractions, Ratios, Proportions, and Geometry
MpDv
Multiplication and Division
MD
Multi-Digit Addition and Subtraction
SD
Single-Digit Addition and Subtraction
OL
Add and Subtract in Other Languages
CC
Counting and Cardinality
Type
Longer Paper
Shorter Paper

I have gathered some of the research that underlies the classroom teaching/learning approaches.  You can sort the table below by math topic, or by type of research publication (shorter or longer) by using the drop-down boxes just above the table.  You can download a pdf file of a publication for your own educational use by clicking on the Click Here in the Download column for that publication within the table.

 

When a publication is a chapter in a book, you might want to check out the whole book for other useful chapters.  Authors of these publications include members of the Children’s Math Worlds Project team, my PhD students, post-doctoral students, and colleagues at Northwestern University and elsewhere.  Authors who have gone on to faculty positions at a university have emails or that university listed so that you can contact them to follow their other research.

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You can download the references for all publications available here on this website by clicking here.

You can search for words within the table by entering words in the Search Here box. Then click the Clear Search button to reset the table.

You can also search for topics and types by using the drop-down boxes. Then click the Reset Table button to reset the table.

Reference
Date
Topic
Type
Download
Fuson, K. C. (1988). Children's counting and concepts of number. New York: Springer-Verlag. [Chapter 11: An overview of changes in children's number word concepts from age 2 through 8]
1988
CC, SD
Long
Click Here
Fuson, K. C. (1988). Children's counting and concepts of number. New York: Springer-Verlag. [Table of Contents and Chapter 1: Introduction and overview of different uses of number words]
1988
CC, SD
Long
Click Here
Fuson, K. C., & Willis, G. B. (1988). Subtracting by counting up: More evidence. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 19, 402-420.
1988
SD
Long
Click Here
Fuson, K. C., Stigler, J., Bartsch, K. (1988). Grade placement of addition and subtraction topics in China, Japan, the Soviet Union, Taiwan, and the United States. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 19, 449-458.
1988
OL, SD, MD
Long
Click Here
Fuson, K. C. (1986). Teaching children to subtract by counting up. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 17, 172-189. This paper was chosen as the best research article of 1986 by the Research Advisory Council of the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics.
1986
SD
Long
Click Here
Stigler, J., Fuson, K. C., Ham, M., & Kim, M. S. (1986). An analysis of addition and subtraction word problems in Soviet and American elementary textbooks. Cognition and Instruction, 3, 153-171.
1986
SD
Long
Click Here
Fuson, K. C. (1984). More complexities in subtraction. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 15, 214-225.
1984
SD
Long
Click Here
Fuson, K. C., Richards, J., & Briars, D. J. (1982). The acquisition and elaboration of the number word sequence. In C. Brainerd (Ed.), Progress in cognitive development: children's logical and mathematical cognition, Vol. 1 (pp. 33-92). New York: Springer-Verlag.
1982
SD
Long
Click Here
© 2026, Dr. Karen C. Fuson. All Rights Reserved.
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